hyatt



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

J. W. HYATT.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING FILTER BEDS. No. 862,889. Patented May 10, 1887.

I n a t 1 6a- P n r j" J 6i h 2 R 1 I, l 1 v A x 1 DJ 0 3 e Z d i a WITNESSES Ill/VETOR I1 A 11/) ATTORNEYS.

N, PETERS. Phota-Lilhographer, Washlnglnn. D C.

(No Model.) 3 Sneets-Sheet 2 J. W. HYATT.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING FILTER BEDS;

No. 362,839. PatentedlVIay 10, 1887.

3 Sheets--Sheet 3.

(No Model.\

J. W. HYATT.

APPARATUS FOR PUBIPYING FILTER BEDS. No. 362,839. 6'

Patented May 10, 1887.

3 the current and forcing it upward through ing the washing operation are illustrated in its INTTE STATES Fries.

PATENT JOHA \V. HYATT, OF NE\VARK, NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NEVARK FILTERING COMPANY.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING FILTER-BEDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 362.839, dated May 10, 1887.

Serial No. 216,815. (No model.)

To aZZ 1071,0117, it may concern:

Be it known that l, J OHN \V. HYA'IT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements in Appa ratus for Purifying Filter Beds, fully described and represented in the following speciiieatiomand the accompanying d raw i n gs, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to such filters as employ a bed of comminuted material, through which the filtration is effected by passing the current of water downward, and in which the cleansing of the bed is effected by reversing the bed and my improvements consist partly in the means for directing the full force of the current downward in the lowest parts of the bed, and permitting the same thereafter to rise past the outletpipes to the surface of the bed to discharge the impurities therefrom, and partly in the details of construction hereina-fter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of an upright cylindrical filter provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same, with the washerarm omitted, on line at a; in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the under side of the washer-arm. Fig. 4 is a central vertical section of the same with part of the turning shaft. Fig. 5 is a plan of one of the outlet strainer-pipes with portion of the spiral wrapping removed. Fig. 6 is a section of said pipe. Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, are upon a larger scale than the other figures. Fig. 7 is an end view, and Fig. 8 a side view, of an alternative construction for the strainer-pipes. Fig. 9 is a view of portion of the strainenpipe wrapped with corrugated or bent wire, and Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the application of radial washer-arms to a square filter-bed. Y

The construction of the rotary washer-arm and the means of applying water thereto durapplication to acylindrical filter within acasin in Figs. 1 and 2, a is the body of the filter, of upright cylindrical form, provided with cover a, and filled to the line a with sand or equivalent material. I) is a cast-iron base at tached to the casing a, and provided with suitable internal channels for the entering and leaving fluid. b is a seat attached to the same for an oscillating valve to divert the current of unfiltered water either into the top or bottom of the filter, as required. Such valve is fully described in my Patent No. 293,742, and its construction is not therefore shown in detail herein.

I)" is the water-supply pipe, which, by the aid of the valve 11, may be diverted eitherinto the inlet-pipe d, which discharges the water into the upper part of the casing to, above the bed a", or into a channel, 0, leading-to the center of thebed, where iteonneets with the washing devices. A channel, (2, is formed in the bed to receive the filtered water and discharge it to the pipe 0, and the several outlet strainer-pipes f are connected, respectively, with the channel 6, and extended horizontally across the interior of the casing a little distance above the base I). A sleeve, g, projects upward from the center of the bed in connection with the channel 0, and is fitted to the interior of the hub h, to which the washer-arm t is attached and swept around between the base and the pipes f bya shaft, j, which is extended upward through the filter-bed and cover a, and is provided with a hand-\vheel, it, at its upper end, and with a stuffing-box, Z, in the cover a.

When the valve (1 is turned to direct a cur rent of water into the channel 0, an annular space in the hub his filled with the fluid through openings at in the sleeve 9, and the fluid thus passes continuously into the washer-arm t, which consists in a hollow pipe closed at the outer end and provided upon its under side with a series of apertures having checlsvalves a. These valves are held movably within round apertures n in the under side of the pipe t'by springs 0, attached to the inner sides of the valves and to the opposite side of the pipe. The valves are made to fit loosely within the hole and rest upon the spring, as at a \Vhen the valves are forced open by the en tering fluid, the latter escapes downward in j ets among the sand in the bottom of the filter, and one of the valve-openings is formed at an an- ICO gle' at the outer end of the pipe to discharge the fluid outward as well as downward to reach the sand in the exterior corner of the base I).

It is obvious that if the arm t remains stationary when the water is thus admitted the sand immediately beneath the same would be violently agitated and the water would boil up through the superincumbent portion of the bed. Such movement of the water upward through a limited part of the bed serves effectually to purify such portion, and to carry off the impurities therefrom to the waste-pipe provided at p, which would be provided with a cock to be opened during such washing operation. The loosening of the sand adjacent to the arm t'would, however, permit of its gradual movement in a radial position through the entire base of the filter-bed, to effect which the shaft j and hand-wheel k are provided, the wheel serving'to turn the arm successively beneath every part of the bed, and to thus subject every part thereof successively to the required washing. WVhen the valve (Z is turned to cut off the water-supply from the washerarm, the valves are pressed elastically totheir seats by their construction to prevent the interior of the washer-pipes and channel from being clogged with sand.

It is obviously immaterial how the sleeve 9 and hub h are fitted to one another, provided the water is delivered from the sleeve to the hub, while one is stationary and the other rotary, so as to turn the arm 2' around within the filter-bed.

The strainer outlet-pipes fare constructed in a peculiar manner to obviate the use of netting or perforated screens, or any construction possessingloose parts, as is clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The pipes fare provided withseveral rows of holes, 1, and with grooves 8, extending along the surface of the pipe between such holes. ternally with a continuousspiral wire, '6, which is shown only at the-outer end of the pipe to expose the holes and grooves to view, leaving minute spaces between the successive coils of the wire, through which the fluid can pass into said grooves and holes.

To wrap the wire uniformly about the pipe and secure the narrow spaces desired, I preferably form a screw-thread, it, upon the eXterior of the pipe, of pitch a little greater than the diameter of the wire, making the screwthread, for instance, thirty to the inch, while the diameter of the wire may be one-fortiet-h of an inch. The wire may be readily wound upon the pipes while the latter are rotated in the lathe where the screw-thread would be formed, and when thus wound may be readily secured to the surface of the pipe between the rows of holes by solder, so that. every coil is separately attached to the pipe, and the breakage and derangement of one would not affect the others. It will be seen that with this construction the grooves 8 form channels inside the wire wrapping which communicate with all the holes 1', so that the minute spaces be- The pipe is wrapped ex object without affording the sand or other filtering agent any access to the interior of the pipe, where it would be liable to settle and to clog up the channels.

Figs. 7 and 8 show another construction by which the holes in the strainer-arms may be connected by longitudinal grooves, and the wire wrapping properly spaced when wound over the same. In these views the pipe, as at A, is made with four exterior corners and hollowed sides, the holes A being formed in the said sides and the corners being formed with notches A, i n which'the wire t can be wrapped, as in a screw-thread. This construction is particularly adapted for all strainer'arms where a great volume of water is to be filtered, and in such case the arm would be divided at the line A A, and the opposite halves could then be readily formed with the holes and corner notches complete by the simpleprocess of casting.

In Fig. 9 a short piece of a strainer-arm is shown which would be formed with smooth exterior and provided with holes and grooves, as in Fig. 6; but the wire wrapped around the same wouldbe provided at uniform intervals with projections B, formed by pressing the wire in a suitable die, which would cause the separation of the wires sufficientl y to produce the narrow spaces desired.

. The alternative constructions shownin Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, are illustrated to show more fully the scope of my invention in respect to such strainers formed with wire wrapping.

It is obvious that it is immaterial to the operation of my washing devices whether the filter-bed to which it is applied be used for upward or downward filtration, as the violent agitation induced by my construction would IIO remove the impurities from the water, in whatever part of the bed they had been deposited.

pipe 73 is compelled to pass upward between and around the various pipes f to make its escape from the upper part of the filter-bed. The entire body of sand in the filter is thus effectually cleansed during the washing operation, including that which lies in contact with the strainers upon the surfaces of the outletpipes, so that no part of the filtering medium is able to escape a thorough cleansing during the washing operation.

I11 Fig. 10 is shown a means for washing the entire area of a square or rectangular filterbed by means of washer-arms swinging around vertical shafts. In this figure a vertical shaft, E, is shown located in each corner of the bed, with a washer-arm, E, projected therefrom to or beyond the center of the bed. The extremities of the washer-arms move in paths which intersect one another, as represented by the dotted lines E and it is obvious that the area covered by the four arms thus includes the entire area of the bed, and that portion where the paths of the arms overlap would be subjected to an additional washing.

I am aware of Patent No. 243,212, issued to Patrick Clark June 21, 1881, in which a washer-arm provided with perforations upon its lower side, and rotated radially about a central pipe, is used to cleanse a filter-bed; and I am also aware of Patent No. 273,539, granted to me March 6, 1883, in which a series of washing-inlets are formed in the bottom of the bed and provided with automat ically-operating check-valvcs,and I do not consider that my present i nvention can be operated without using the said prior inventions.

I am also aware-of United States Patents Nos. 248,265, 293,745, and 293,747 previously issued to me, and showing various washerpipcslocated beneath the outlet strainer-pipes, and various washer-pipes movable within the filter-bed and provided with perforations on their lower sides.

My object in devising the present constructions has not been to evade such patents or to avoid their use in any manner, but to furtherimprove the art of filtering by furuishing more effective means for carrying out the invention already set forth and claimed in the said prior patents.

The above-mentioned patents are the prop erty of The Newark Filtering Company, of New Jersey, which is also the assignee of my present application.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim herein is 1. In a filtering device, a hollow radial washer-arm attached to a central hub, a shaft for rotating such hub, a stationary sleeve for introducing water into said hub and arm, holes in the under side of said arm, and valves seated externally upon the holes and held thereto by springs, the whole being arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

2. In a filtering device, the outlet strainerpipes formed with rows of holes connected by grooves upon the surface of the pipe, and having wire wound over said holes and grooves, with suitable spaces between the several coils of the wire, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a filtering device, the outlet strainerpipes formed with rows-of holes connected by grooves upon the surface of thepipe, a screwthread formed upon the exterior of the pipe, and awire liner that the pitch of the thread wound in the same and secured to the pipe, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. In a filtering device, an outlet-strainer having its screen formed of a wire wound spirally upon a hollow support, the coils of the wire being separated by water-spaces, as described, and the interior of the support be ing provided with an inlet or outlet for the fluid, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN \V. HYATT. Witnesses:

SAML. S. TIFFANY, Trros. S. CRANE. 

